Pediatric low-grade gliomas (PLGGs) are the most common brain tumor of childhood, affecting thousands of children across the world. Unfortunately, growth of theses tumors even with current standards for treatment (surgery, radiation and chemotherapy) often leaves patients with devastating and life-long impairments. Our goal is to develop new treatments that give kids with PLGGs a chance for more normal lives. We are working to develop novel, effective PLGG therapies that target and kill only tumor cells while leaving normal cells unharmed. To attain our goal, we must understand the basic biology of how normal brain cells transform into tumor cells.

One important feature of PLGGs is that they are collectively made up of lots of different types of tumors, with different underlying processes that make them grow. Cancer cells frequently have mutations or ‘errors’ in the DNA sequences (genes) that signal cells to grow. We and others have found PLGGs to have mutations in a number of different genes that can be used as targets for new treatment approaches. Excitingly, new therapies to target these mutations, for example BRAF, already have been translated into the clinical care of children with PLGGs. However, much work still needs to be done to help us understand how best to use these drugs, how to overcome resistance and how to target other mutations that cause PLGGs.

Our goal is to work as a team to find better treatments that are less toxic and more effective so that every child can live cancer free with a chance to achieve their dreams.

The Dana-Farber PLGG Program

Our mission is to provide advanced, comprehensive, multidisciplinary, and high-quality care while pursuing scientific advancements in therapeutic development. Our program brings together scientists with immense expertise in the biology and genomics of pediatric brain tumors, treatment modalities, chemical biology, and orchestration of novel clinical trials. Leveraging this impressive infrastructure, the talent of our investigators, and our worldwide collaborations, we are perfectly positioned to catalyze paradigm shifting scientific and clinical discoveries to improve outcomes for pediatric brain cancer patients.

Our vision is to bring together scientists and clinicians with diverse scientific backgrounds and expertise to lead research focused on understanding what makes pediatric gliomas grow, to develop potent and safe therapeutic strategies that are rapidly translated into global clinical trials.

With generous support from patient families, the pLGG Program was established in 2007, and to this day, patient families remain the major source of support. Notably, the Dana-Farber pLGG program is the only dedicated pLGG research program in America. Our program brings together experts across disciplines to catalyze discoveries that directly impact the clinical care of children diagnosed with these tumors. A timeline of major program milestones is below.

  • 2007

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    Dana-Farber PLGG Program established

    Guided by founders Mark Kieran, MD, PhD and Charles Stiles, PhD, and in collaboration with A Kids’ Brain Tumor Cure, the Dana-Farber PLGG program became the standard for research and care of pediatric brain tumors at one the nation’s top-ranking pediatric cancer hospitals.  The program has initiated landmark projects including the international tissue bank, the invention and launching of three new clinical diagnostic tests based on discoveries by program researchers, and 4 national clinical trials—more clinical trials for this disease than ever before.

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    2009

  • 2013

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    Discovered genetic mutations in MYBL1

    Dana-Farber investigators Drs. Rameen Beroukhim, Keith Ligon, Azra Ligon, Mark Kieran, and Charles Stiles, together with collaborators uncovered recurrent oncogenic truncating rearrangements of MYBL1 in diffuse pediatric low-grade glioma. This landmark discovery revealed MYBL1 as a previously unrecognized genetic driver of pLGG and helped define a distinct molecular subclass of these tumors.

  • Discovered mutations in MYB gene

    Dana-Farber researchers advanced the understanding of MYB alterations as important genetic drivers of pediatric low-grade glioma. Building on earlier genomic discoveries, their work helped establish MYB-driven tumors as a distinct molecular subset of pLGG and demonstrated how specific MYB rearrangements can activate oncogenic signaling. These discoveries further revealed the molecular diversity of pLGG and strengthened the foundation for genetically informed diagnosis and treatment.

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    2016

  • 2017

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  • Tovorafenib identified as promising therapeutic agent

    Dana-Farber researchers identified MLN2480 (later known as TAK-580, DAY101, and tovorafenib) as a promising therapeutic agent for pediatric low-grade glioma. Their preclinical studies demonstrated that the drug could inhibit tumors driven by BRAF alterations—including the common KIAA1549 fusion—while penetrating the blood-brain barrier, providing critical evidence to advance the drug toward clinical testing. This work established the scientific foundation for the subsequent development of tovorafenib as a targeted therapy for children with BRAF-altered pLGG.

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    2017

  • 2019

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  • FDA approves Trametinib + Dabrafenib for select pLGG patients

    Dana-Farber researchers helped advance dabrafenib plus trametinib as a targeted treatment for children with BRAF V600E–mutant pediatric low-grade glioma. Dana-Farber investigators participated in clinical studies demonstrating meaningful and durable responses to the combination, helping establish the clinical potential of dual BRAF/MEK inhibition in glioma. In 2023, this body of evidence contributed to the FDA approval of dabrafenib plus trametinib for pediatric patients with unresectable or metastatic BRAF V600E–mutant solid tumors, providing a new precision-treatment option for children with BRAF V600E–mutant pLGG.

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    2023

  • 2024

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    FDA approves Tovorafenib for select pLGG patients

  • Major advances in FGFR-Targeted Therapy

    Dana-Farber investigators demonstrated that FGFR-altered pediatric gliomas can be targeted therapeutically, developing the first preclinical models of FGFR-driven tumors and showing sensitivity to existing FGFR inhibitors. This work provides a foundation for bringing FGFR-targeted precision medicine to children with pLGG.

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    2025

  • 2026

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    Glycosylation modulators discovered as therapeutic opportunity for pLGG

    The Bandopadhayay and Beroukhim laboratories identified POMT-dependent protein glycosylation as a critical vulnerability in pediatric low-grade glioma, uncovering a new therapeutic opportunity beyond the MAPK pathway. This work established glycosylation biology as an emerging area for therapeutic development in pLGG.

While these discoveries have made changes to treatments for pLGG patients, we cannot and will not stop until we have curative and non-toxic treatments for every child. This premise underlies our mission and fuels our urgency to improve outcomes for all children with pLGG.